Matoorada korontada tooska ah (DC) iyo kuwa hadda la isticmaalo (AC) waa laba nooc oo matoor koronto oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo. Kahor inta aan ka wada hadalno farqiga u dhexeeya labadan nooc, aan marka hore fahanno waxa ay yihiin.
Matoorka DC waa mashiin koronto oo wareegaya oo tamarta korontada u rogi kara tamar farsamo (wareeg). Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa matoor koronto oo tamarta farsamada (wareeg) u roga tamar koronto (DC). Marka matoorka DC uu ku shaqeeyo hadda tooska ah, waxa uu abuurayaa goob birlab ah oo ku jirta stator-kiisa (qayb taagan oo matoorka ah). Goobtu waxay soo jiidataa oo ay ka celisaa birlabyada rotor-ka (qaybta wareegaysa ee matoorka). Tani waxay keentaa in rotor-ku wareego. Si rotor-ku uu si joogto ah u wareego, konmutator-ka, kaas oo ah badhanka korantada ee wareega, ayaa ku dabaqa koronto wareeg ah wareegyada. Torgue wareeg ah oo joogto ah ayaa la soo saaraa iyadoo la rogayo jihada hadda ee wareegga wareegga badh kasta.
Matoorada DC waxay leeyihiin awood ay si sax ah u xakameeyaan xawaarahooda, taas oo ah lagama maarmaan u ah mashiinnada warshadaha. Matoorada DC waxay awoodaan inay isla markiiba bilaabaan, joojiyaan oo ay dib u celiyaan. Tani waa arrin muhiim u ah xakamaynta hawlgalka qalabka wax soo saarka. Sida soo socota,XBD-4070waa mid ka mid ah matooradayada DC-ga ugu caansan.
Sida matoorka DC, rotor-ka hadda la beddelayo (AC) wuxuu tamarta korontada u qariyaa tamar farsamo (wareeg). Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa matoor ahaan kaas oo tamarta farsamada (codka) u beddela tamar koronto (AC).
Inta badan matoorada AC waxaa loo kala saaraa laba nooc. Matoorka isku-dhafan iyo matoorka aan isku-dhafanayn. Kan dambe wuxuu noqon karaa hal weji ama saddex marxaladood. Matoorka AC, waxaa ku jira giraan wareeg ah oo naxaas ah (oo sameeya stator), kuwaas oo loogu talagalay inay soo saaraan goob birlab ah oo wareegaysa. Maadaama wareegyada ay ku shaqeeyaan tamarta korontada AC, goobta birlabka, waxay soo saaraan dhexdooda iyagoo kicinaya koronto ku jirta rotor (qaybta wareegaysa). Haddadan la kiciyay waxay soo saartaa goob birlab ah oo u gaar ah, taas oo ka soo horjeedda goobta birlabka ee stator-ka. Isdhexgalka labada goobood wuxuu sababaa in rotor-ku wareego. Matoorka aan isku-dhafanayn waxaa jira farqi u dhexeeya labadaas xawaare. Inta badan aaladaha guriga ee korontada ku shaqeeya waxay isticmaalaan matoorada AC sababtoo ah korontada ka timaadda guryaha waa hadda isbeddelaysa (AC).
Farqiga u dhexeeya matoorka DC iyo AC:
● Qalabka korontadu way kala duwan yihiin. In kasta oo matoorada DC ay ku shaqeeyaan koronto toos ah, matoorada AC waxaa ku shaqeeya koronto beddelan.
● Matoorada AC-ga, armature-ku waa mid taagan halka goobta birlabta uu wareegayo. Matoorada DC-ga armature-ku wuu wareegayaa laakiin goobaha birlabta ayaa weli taagan.
● Matoorada DC waxay gaari karaan nidaam siman oo dhaqaale ahaan aan lahayn qalab dheeraad ah. Xakamaynta xawaaraha waxaa lagu gaaraa iyadoo la kordhinayo ama la dhimayo danabka la gelinayo. Matoorada AC waxay dib u habeeyaan isticmaalka qalabka beddelka soo noqnoqda si loo beddelo xawaaraha.
Faa'iidooyinka matoorada AC-ga waxaa ka mid ah:
● Baahida korontada ee bilawga ah oo hooseeya
● Xakameyn wanaagsan oo ku saabsan heerarka hadda la bilaabayo iyo dardargelinta
● Habayn ballaaran oo loogu talagalay shuruudaha qaabeynta kala duwan iyo isbeddelka xawaaraha iyo shuruudaha awoodda
● Waara oo wanaagsan iyo cimri dheer
Faa'iidooyinka matoorada DC waxaa ka mid ah:
● Shuruudaha rakibidda iyo dayactirka fudud
● Awoodda sare ee bilawga iyo xoogga
● Waqtiyada jawaab celinta degdega ah ee bilowga/joojinta iyo dardargelinta
● Kala duwanaansho ballaaran oo loogu talagalay shuruudaha kala duwan ee danabka
Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad haysato marawaxad koronto oo guriga ku shaqeysa, waxay u badan tahay inay isticmaasho matoor AC ah sababtoo ah waxay si toos ah ugu xirtaa isha korontada ee gurigaaga, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid fudud in la isticmaalo oo dayactir yar leh. Dhanka kale, gawaarida korontada ku shaqeeya waxay isticmaali karaan matoorada DC sababtoo ah waxay u baahan tahay xakameyn sax ah oo ku saabsan xawaaraha iyo xoogga matoorka si loo helo khibrad wadista oo siman iyo dardargelin wanaagsan.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-01-2024